Intinews | Belum lama ini, Menteri Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif/Kepala Badan Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif Sandiaga Uno mengumumkan akan menjadikan keris dari Desa Wisata Aeng Tong-tong, Kabupaten Sumenep, Jawa Timur sebagai salah satu suvenir bagi para delegasi yang hadir pada side event G20.
Menparekraf Sandiaga Uno telah memesan langsung 20 keris buatan Desa Wisata Aeng Tong-tong untuk 20 delegasi negara G20. Menjadikan keris sebagai suvenir G20 juga sebagai bentuk apresiasi bagi para empu yang telah melestarikan salah satu produk kriya warisan budaya dan sejarah yang sudah ada sejak abad ke-12.
Desa Wisata Aeng Tong-tong telah dinobatkan oleh UNESCO sebagai satu-satunya desa wisata dengan empu keris terbanyak di dunia. Desa Wisata ini memiliki galeri khusus keris yang menampilkan produk-produk keris. Di galeri ini juga ditampilkan keris dari para leluhur yang telah berusia 300 tahun!
Proses Pembuatan Keris
Mengutip dari buku Keris dalam Perspektif Keilmuan (2011) oleh Waluyo Wijayatno dan Unggul Sudrajat, keris dibuat dari bahan dasar besi, baja, serta bahan pamor. Keris dibuat dengan cara ditempa berulang-ulang kali, lalu dibuat berlapis-lapis.
Tak sembarang orang bisa membuat keris. Seorang yang ahli dalam pembuatan keris disebut Empu. Para empu tidak asal menempa besi panas, mereka juga harus berpengalaman dan paham mengenai seluk-beluk tentang keris.
Setidaknya dibutuhkan ribuan lapisan untuk menciptakan keris berkualitas terbaik. Selain itu, untuk bisa mendapat ketajaman keris, pada bagian tengah disisipkan lapisan baja. Setelah itu, keris akan terus ditempa dan diberi lapisan, supaya lebih kuat.
Setelah proses penempaan, pembuatan keris dilanjutkan dengan pembentukan bilah dan proses kinatah (ukir besi). Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan proses warangka atau pembuatan sarung keris dari bahan kayu. Hingga proses terakhir adalah mewarangi atau campuran cairan arsenik dengan air jeruk nipis yang dioleskan atau dicelupkan ke keris.
Panjangnya proses pembuatan, tidak heran jika satu keris rata-rata bisa memakan waktu hingga 2-6 bulan. Hal ini tergantung pada kesulitan dari ukiran serta bentuk keris yang dibuat.
Fungsi dan Makna Keris
Seperti yang kita ketahui, fungsi utama dari keris adalah sebagai senjata tradisional yang sudah ada sejak zaman kerajaan. Namun, bagi beberapa orang, keris merupakan benda pusaka yang mampu menyembuhkan penyakit, mengusir setan, hingga mendatangkan hujan.
Mengutip dari jurnal Makna Keris dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Masyarakat di Surakarta (2008) karya Akhmad Arif Musadad, keris sebagai benda pusaka dipercaya memiliki kekuatan supranatural atau menyimpan kekuatan gaib. Sehingga masyarakat banyak yang mengagumi, menghormati, dan menjaga keris dengan baik.
Itulah mengapa keris dipandang sebagai peninggalan budaya yang harus dijaga kelestariannya. Tidak heran jika hingga saat ini keberadaan keris masih bisa kita temui dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Misal, keris kerap digunakan sebagai kelengkapan pakaian adat Jawa.
Selain itu, keris juga sering digunakan dalam seni pertunjukan wayang, pertunjukan ketoprak, pertunjukan budaya, hingga ritual adat lainnya. Menariknya lagi, kini keris juga kerap menjadi produk kriya yang banyak disimpan oleh masyarakat sebagai cenderamata.( **)
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